Empirical equations for calculating the rate of liquid flow through GMB-GCLs composite liners for GCLs subjected to cation exchange and wet dry cycles
Equations empiriques pour calculer le débit de fuites dans les étanchéités composites géomembranes-géosynthétiques bentonitiques pour des GSB ayant subi échange cationique et hydratation-dessication
Résumé
The aim of this paper is to present empirical equations developed to calculateadvective flow rates through composite liners for hydraulic and environmental applications. The innovation of the paper lies in the fact that the situation studied is that of geomembranes (GMB) involving holes combined with aged geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs). Indeed, the alteration by the environment consisting in cation exchange and extreme climatic conditions (i.e wet-dry cycling) is at the heart of the paper. The development of these empirical equations is based on a recently presented GMB-GCL contact condition obtained from laboratory experiments, in the case of composite liners involving altered GCLs which hydraulic conductivity is larger than 10