This chapter invites us to retrace the history of the development of mountain tourism in France, in particular in the valley of Tarentaise in Savoy. Thus we suggest that a truly innovative form of tourism, launched at Courchevel, later spread to a wider area during the “Glorious Thirty”, to culminate in an unprecedented concentration of winter sports resorts in Tarentaise valley. Setting up this tourist system implies, as we will show, an overhaul of the traditional agricultural and pastoral economies, and requires a coordination between global dynamics and local integration. From these premises, the departmental initiative at Courchevel defined the constitutive principles of mountain resorts, which the “Plan Neige” of the 1960s (not a region-bound doctrine) ratified and circulated on a larger scale. In this context, the local economies connected up with the national policy. In particular, nature and the role of the actors involved were a relevant basis for analysis; and they help us to better understand the active involvement of the Tarentais in the development dynamics of their valley.